What Is a Root Canal Treatment?
Root canal treatment, also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental procedure designed to save a severely damaged or infected tooth. When the soft tissue inside your tooth (called the pulp) becomes infected or inflamed due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures, or trauma, a root canal becomes necessary. During this procedure, your dentist or endodontist removes the infected pulp, cleans and disinfects the inside of the tooth, and then fills and seals the space. This allows you to keep your natural tooth rather than having it extracted.
When Do You Need Root Canal Treatment?
Several symptoms may indicate that you need root canal treatment. Severe toothache when chewing or applying pressure, prolonged sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures, discoloration of the tooth, and swelling or tenderness in nearby gums are common warning signs. Some cases may be asymptomatic, which is why regular dental checkups are crucial for early detection. Your dentist will typically use X-rays and other diagnostic tests to determine if the tooth’s pulp is damaged beyond repair and if root canal treatment is the best option.
The Root Canal Procedure: What to Expect
The root canal procedure is typically completed in one to three visits, depending on the complexity of your case. Your dentist will first numb the area with local anesthesia to ensure your comfort throughout the treatment. A small access hole is drilled into the tooth, and the infected or inflamed pulp is carefully removed using specialized instruments. The root canals are then shaped, cleaned, and disinfected before being filled with a biocompatible material called gutta-percha. Finally, the access hole is sealed, and in most cases, a crown is placed over the tooth to restore its full function and protect it from future damage.
Recovery and Long-Term Success
Recovery from root canal treatment is generally straightforward, with most patients experiencing only mild discomfort that can be managed with over-the-counter pain medications. You should avoid chewing on the treated tooth until the permanent restoration is placed and maintain good oral hygiene to prevent future complications. With proper care, a tooth that has undergone root canal treatment can last a lifetime. The success rate for root canal procedures is quite high, typically ranging from 85-97%, making it an excellent option for preserving your natural smile while eliminating pain and infection.